What type of powers are shared between federal and state governments?

The concept of powers shared between federal and state governments is known as concurrent powers. These powers are those that both levels of government can exercise simultaneously. Examples of concurrent powers include the ability to tax, build roads, establish courts, and create laws that affect the governing of their respective jurisdictions.

This arrangement allows for a division of responsibilities and helps to ensure that both levels of government can function effectively to meet the needs of the population. By sharing these powers, federal and state governments can work together to address issues that span both levels, such as public health and safety, economic regulation, and infrastructure development.

Other options do not accurately represent this relationship; exclusive powers are those granted only to either the federal or state governments, while residual powers refer to powers not explicitly listed in the constitution, typically remaining with the states. Direct taxes, on the other hand, are a form of tax that can be levied by either government but do not represent a category of shared powers.