Which groups represent employer interests in labor issues?

The correct choice identifies employer associations as the groups that represent employer interests in labor issues. These associations typically consist of businesses and employers who come together to advocate for their interests in negotiations with unions, policymakers, and other stakeholders in the labor market.

Employer associations often focus on various concerns, such as labor laws, wage regulations, employee benefits, and workplace policies that affect their operations. By presenting a unified voice, these associations can more effectively lobby for favorable conditions and policies that benefit their members, which may include larger businesses or small enterprises.

In contrast, unions, employee associations, and labor federations primarily focus on representing employees and their interests. Unions work to protect workers' rights and negotiate better working conditions and wages, while employee associations may advocate for specific groups of workers. Labor federations typically represent a coalition of various unions, emphasizing the collective needs of their member organizations rather than the interests of employers.