Which term describes powers that are exclusively held by the federal government?

The term that describes powers exclusively held by the federal government is "Exclusive Powers." These powers are specifically outlined in the constitution, granting the federal government the authority to exercise certain rights and responsibilities that are not shared with state governments. This includes powers such as regulating interstate commerce, conducting foreign affairs, and coining money.

Understanding the concept of Exclusive Powers is crucial in distinguishing the delineation of responsibilities between different levels of government. For instance, while both federal and state governments may have some overlapping responsibilities, known as concurrent powers, exclusive powers highlight the authority that is distinctly federal. This clarity helps manage the governance structure and ensures that specific key functions are managed by the national government, contributing to a cohesive national policy framework.

In contrast, concurrent powers refer to those shared by both federal and state governments, such as the power to tax or create laws. Residual powers, often associated with the state governments, are those not specifically delegated to the federal government by the constitution. The public sector, meanwhile, refers broadly to portions of the economy that are controlled by the government but does not specifically denote any powers. Each of these concepts plays a vital role in understanding the balance of power within a federal system.